MCQ Questions for Economics Chapter 3 Poverty as a Challenge Class 9 with answers
Multiple-choice questions with answers on the topic “Poverty as a Challenge” for Class 9:
1. Which of the following defines poverty?
a) The state of having no money
b) The state of lacking basic necessities of life
c) The state of being unemployed
d) The state of having low educational qualifications
Answer: b) The state of lacking basic necessities of life.
2. Which of the following is not a dimension of poverty?
a) Income
b) Education
c) Health
d) Employment
Answer: d) Employment.
3. The poverty line in a country is determined by:
a) The government’s budget
b) The average income of the country
c) The cost of a minimum level of living
d) The country’s economic growth rate
Answer: c) The cost of a minimum level of living.
4. Which of the following is a government program in India to alleviate poverty?
a) Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
b) Make in India
c) Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana
d) Digital India
Answer: c) Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana.
5. Which of the following is a non-income indicator of poverty?
a) Unemployment rate
b) Literacy rate
c) Inflation rate
d) GDP growth rate
Answer: b) Literacy rate.
6. Which of the following regions has the highest concentration of poor people in India?
a) Urban areas
b) Rural areas
c) Coastal areas
d) Hill regions
Answer: b) Rural areas.
7. Which of the following is a consequence of poverty?
a) Increased social inequality
b) High economic growth
c) Improved healthcare facilities
d) Enhanced educational opportunities
Answer: a) Increased social inequality.
8. The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) guarantees how many days of employment in a year to rural households?
a) 50 days
b) 100 days
c) 150 days
d) 200 days
Answer: b) 100 days.
9. The poverty ratio is measured as the percentage of the population living below the:
a) Average income level
b) Poverty line
c) National average income
d) Median income
Answer: b) Poverty line.
10. Which of the following is an example of a direct measure of poverty?
a) Human Development Index (HDI)
b) Gini coefficient
c) Poverty headcount ratio
d) Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Answer: c) Poverty headcount ratio.
11. Which of the following factors does not contribute to poverty?
a) Lack of education
b) Unemployment
c) Political instability
d) High economic growth
Answer: d) High economic growth.
12. Which of the following is a characteristic of absolute poverty?
a) Inequality in income distribution
b) Lack of access to basic amenities
c) Low economic growth rate
d) Limited educational opportunities
Answer: b) Lack of access to basic amenities.
13. Which of the following is an example of a social indicator of poverty?
a) Per capita income
b) Unemployment rate
c) Life expectancy
d) Gross domestic product (GDP)
Answer: c) Life expectancy.
14. In which of the following regions is poverty more prevalent globally?
a) Sub-Saharan Africa
b) North America
c) Western Europe
d) Oceania
Answer: a) Sub-Saharan Africa.
15. The poverty line in India is based on the consumption of:
a) Food grains
b) Fruits and vegetables
c) Dairy products
d) Non-food items
Answer: a) Food grains.
16. Which of the following is not a reason for the high incidence of poverty in rural areas?
a) Lack of education and skill development
b) Unequal distribution of land and assets
c) Limited access to credit and financial services
d) High population density
Answer: d) High population density.
17. The Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) takes into account which of the following dimensions of poverty?
a) Income, education, and health
b) Income, employment, and infrastructure
c) Education, healthcare, and environment
d) Income, gender, and social mobility
Answer: a) Income, education, and health.
18. Which of the following is an example of a targeted anti-poverty program in India?
a) Midday Meal Scheme
b) Goods and Services Tax (GST)
c) Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT)
d) Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
Answer: a) Midday Meal Scheme.
19. The term “poverty trap” refers to a situation where:
a) Economic growth leads to a reduction in poverty rates
b) Poverty becomes a cycle that is difficult to escape
c) Poverty is concentrated in specific geographic areas
d) Poverty is solely caused by low income levels
Answer: b) Poverty becomes a cycle that is difficult to escape.
20. Which of the following statements is true regarding poverty and social exclusion?
a) Poverty and social exclusion are the same concepts.
b) Poverty is an economic condition, while social exclusion is a broader concept.
c) Social exclusion only affects people living in urban areas.
d) Poverty and social exclusion are unrelated concepts.
Answer: b) Poverty is an economic condition, while social exclusion is a broader concept.
21. Which of the following is an example of a public works program aimed at reducing poverty?
a) National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)
b) Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
c) Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA)
d) Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA)
Answer: c) Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA).
22. The Human Poverty Index (HPI) developed by the United Nations measures poverty based on:
a) Income and consumption levels
b) Health, education, and living standards
c) Gini coefficient and income inequality
d) Economic growth rate and employment
Answer: b) Health, education, and living standards.
23. Which of the following is a measure of relative poverty?
a) Literacy rate
b) Poverty line
c) Gini coefficient
d) Life expectancy
Answer: c) Gini coefficient.
24. Which of the following is an example of a seasonal unemployment problem?
a) Lack of job opportunities in rural areas
b) Inability to find employment due to lack of skills
c) Unemployment caused by economic recession
d) Joblessness during non-farming seasons in agricultural areas
Answer: d) Joblessness during non-farming seasons in agricultural areas.
25. The term “poverty ratio” refers to:
a) The percentage of people living below the poverty line
b) The gap between the rich and the poor
c) The income level needed to escape poverty
d) The percentage of national income held by the wealthiest individuals
Answer: a) The percentage of people living below the poverty line.
26. Which of the following is an example of a self-help group (SHG) initiative to alleviate poverty?
a) National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)
b) National Food Security Act (NFSA)
c) Jan Dhan Yojana
d) Kudumbashree in Kerala
Answer: d) Kudumbashree in Kerala.
27. Which of the following factors is not a cause of rural poverty in developing countries?
a) Lack of access to credit and financial services
b) Unequal distribution of land and resources
c) Low agricultural productivity
d) Availability of skilled job opportunities
Answer: d) Availability of skilled job opportunities.
28. The “poverty gap” refers to:
a) The difference in income between the rich and the poor
b) The percentage of the population living in poverty
c) The extent to which individuals fall below the poverty line
d) The economic disparity between urban and rural areas
Answer: c) The extent to which individuals fall below the poverty line.
29. Which of the following is a social consequence of poverty?
a) Economic inequality
b) Increased crime rates
c) Technological advancements
d) Improved access to education
Answer: b) Increased crime rates.
30. The Global Hunger Index (GHI) measures the levels of hunger and malnutrition in countries based on indicators such as:
a) Poverty headcount ratio and unemployment rate
b) Life expectancy and infant mortality rate
c) Calorie intake and child stunting rate
d) Gini coefficient and income inequality
Answer: c) Calorie intake and child stunting rate.
31. Which of the following is an example of a poverty alleviation program in Brazil?
a) Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY)
b) Bolsa Família
c) MGNREGA
d) Anganwadi Scheme
Answer: b) Bolsa Família.
32. Which of the following statements is true about the relationship between poverty and education?
a) Poverty has no impact on educational opportunities.
b) Education can help break the cycle of poverty.
c) Poverty is solely caused by a lack of education.
d) Education has no role in economic development.
Answer: b) Education can help break the cycle of poverty.